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Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong. ======The passive voice: present tenses====== =====Introduction===== <html><p><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;'><strong> </strong><a class="various" href="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/423_c3946f923a27754e5007efde82e7d94a.jpg" rel="image_show"><img width="342" height="479" id="423" style="width: 107px; height: 132px;" alt="christmas, presents, family, gifts, famille cadeau noel child enfant " src="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/423_c3946f923a27754e5007efde82e7d94a.jpg"></a><strong> Gifts <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">are given</span> at Christmas.</strong></span><br></p></html> =====Definition===== <html><p><span lang="EN-GB" style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'><strong>The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known who or what is performing the action.</strong></span><br><br></p></html> =====Construction===== <html><p style="background: white; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 16.8pt; vertical-align: top;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>The passive consists of a subject + 'to be' + past participle.<span style="color: rgb(146, 208, 80);"> </span></span></b><span style='color: rgb(146, 208, 80); font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;'></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>We can use any tense or form of the verb 'to be'.</span></b></p><br><br> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;'>Affirmative</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;'></span></b> </p><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;'><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><font color="#000000"><strong>We form affirmative sentences by using the affirmative form of the verb 'to be'. The past participle of the main verb remains unchanged.</strong></font></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><font color="#000000"><strong> </strong></font></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong><font color="#000000">Tigers </font><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">are <font color="#000000">found</font></span><font color="#000000"> in Asia.</font></strong></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong><font color="#000000">He</font> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">is getting treated </span><font color="#000000">well in his new job.</font></strong></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong><font color="#000000">The meeting</font> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">is held</span> <font color="#000000">every Monday.</font></strong></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong> </strong></span></p></span><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><strong> </strong></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;'>Negative</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>We form negative sentences by making the verb 'to be'<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);"> </span>negative. The past participle of the main verb remains unchanged.</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Tigers <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">aren't found</span> in Africa.</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>He <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">isn't getting treated </span>well in his new job.</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Our meetings <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">aren't held</span> on Mondays.</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;'>Interrogative</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;'> </span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>We form questions using the usual rules.<span style="color: red;"> </span></span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Are </span></b><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>tigers <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">found </span>in Africa? <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);"></span></span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Where <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">are</span> the meetings <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">being held</span>?</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>How <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">is</span> cheese <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">made</span>?</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt;"><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong>Who <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">is invited</span>?</strong></span><br><br></p></html> =====Uses===== <html><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">We use the passive because, in English, we often place the most important part of a sentence at the beginning. Consider these two sentences which give the same information:</SPAN></B></P> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">1. "Mexicans speak Spanish." [active] This is part of a conversation about Mexicans. They are the focus of the conversation and so the word is placed at the beginning of the sentence.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">2. "Spanish is spoken in Mexico" [passive] Here, the topic of conversation is the Spanish language. The language doesn't 'do' anything but it is placed at the beginning of the sentence because the speaker wants to focus on it.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #0000cc; "> </SPAN></B></P> <TABLE style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 462.05pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" class=MsoTableLightListAccent1 border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=616> <TBODY> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: -1; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BACKGROUND: #4f81bd; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: white; mso-themecolor: background1">The passive voice is used when</SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BACKGROUND: #4f81bd; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: white; mso-themecolor: background1">Examples</SPAN></B></P></TD></TR> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0"> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">The object is more important than the subject.</SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">English <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is spoken </SPAN>in Australia and New Zealand.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD></TR> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1"> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">We don't know who or what performs an action.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">The staff are worried because money <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is being stolen</SPAN> from their offices.</SPAN></B></P></TD></TR> <TR style=""> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">It is obvious who performed an action so we do not need to mention the agent.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">About 100 arrests <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">are made</SPAN> in London every year based on evidence from street cameras.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">[We know it is the police who arrest people so it is not necessary to mention them.]</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD></TR> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3"> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">An action is performed by people in general.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">The coast of France <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">can be seen</SPAN> from England on a clear day. </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">[by anyone]</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD></TR> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4"> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri">It doesn't matter who performs the action - the agent isn't relevant to the topic.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> </SPAN></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">Coffee <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is grown </SPAN>in Brazil.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">[The topic is coffee; the individual farmers who grow this coffee are not important here.]</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD></TR> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 5"> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: red; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">People in positions of authority, such as politicians, want to distance themselves from the action.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: red; "> </SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-RIGHT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">Appropriate action <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is being taken</SPAN>.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #0000cc; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">The situation <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is being dealt with</SPAN>.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">Steps <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">are being taken </SPAN>to address the issues.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red"></SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR> <TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; "> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #4f81bd 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-themecolor: accent1" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "> </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">The process or principle is most important </SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68" ><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">- in scientific or academic writing, for example.</SPAN></B></P></TD> <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #4f81bd 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=308> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: red; "> </SPAN></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">Calcium carbonate <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is put </SPAN>into a test tube. About 10 cm<SUP>3</SUP> hydrochloric acid <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is added </SPAN>and the bung quickly <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">replaced</SPAN>.</SPAN></B><FONT face=Calibri> </FONT></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><FONT face=Calibri> </FONT><FONT face=Calibri> </FONT></P><FONT face=Calibri> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">An <SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">earthquake</SPAN> happens when energy in the Earth's crust <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is</SPAN> suddenly <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">released</SPAN> and seismic waves <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">are created</SPAN>.</SPAN></B></P></FONT> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">Flour, sugar and eggs <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">are mixed </SPAN>together.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64" ><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "></SPAN></B><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; "></SPAN></B><B style=""><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: red; "></SPAN></B> </P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" ><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: red; "> </SPAN></P><BR><BR><BR></html> =====Using ‘by’===== <html><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">Sometimes, we use the word 'by' to add information about the <SPAN style="COLOR: #7030a0">agent</SPAN>. <SPAN style="COLOR: #92d050"></SPAN></SPAN></B></P> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">The Internet <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">is used </SPAN><U>by</U> nearly two thousand million people worldwide.</SPAN></B></P> <P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt" ><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ">More men than women <SPAN style="COLOR: #0000cc">are employed </SPAN><U>by</U> this company.</SPAN></B></P><B style=""><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; ; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; ; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">In these sentences, we are still placing the important part of the sentence at the beginning.</SPAN></B><BR><BR><BR><BR></html> =====Further information===== <html><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>The passive is used in both formal and informal situations.</span></b></p> <p class="desc" style="margin: auto 0cm auto 35.45pt;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Subsidies <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">are being introduced </span>to help disadvantaged students.<span style="color: blue; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">[The Independent 10/2/2011]</span></span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'>"I have to get the train to work today because my car'<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">s being repaired</span>."</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'>She'<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">s liked </span>by all her colleagues. </span></b></p><br><br> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'>For informal communication, we sometimes use<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);"> get</span> instead of <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">to be</span>.</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'>"This bridge <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">gets repainted</span> every 5 years."</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'>"He hates playing rugby because he'<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">s</span> always <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">getting injured</span>!"</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'></span></b> </p><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;'></span></b> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'></span></b> </p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b><span style='line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Only transitive verbs have a passive form. </span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal;"> </p><strong> </strong><strong> </strong><strong> </strong><table class="MsoTableLightListAccent1" style="border: currentColor; border-image: none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent1;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: -1; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"> <td width="308" valign="top" style="background: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-width: 1pt medium medium 1pt; border-style: solid none none solid; border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(79, 129, 189); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themecolor: accent1;"> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5;"><b><span style='color: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: background1;'>Active</span></b></p></td> <td width="308" valign="top" style="background: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-width: 1pt 1pt medium medium; border-style: solid solid none none; border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(240, 240, 240); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1;"> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1;"><b><span style='color: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: background1;'>Passive</span></b></p></td></tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td width="308" valign="top" style="border-width: 1pt medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: solid none solid solid; border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(79, 129, 189); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-themecolor: accent1;"> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'></span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>They're decorating our office.</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'></span></b></p></td> <td width="308" valign="top" style="border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(240, 240, 240); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-themecolor: accent1;"> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;"><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Our office <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">is being decorated</span>.<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <img height="23" id="39" style="width: 22px; height: 18px;" alt="Image" src="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/39_db7196aad25f86da510b9bb08610a187.jpg"></span></span></span></b><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'></span></b></p></td></tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td width="308" valign="top" style="border-width: medium medium medium 1pt; border-style: none none none solid; border-color: rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(79, 129, 189); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1;"> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><span style='background: yellow; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow;'></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><strong><font face="arial">The sun rises in the east.</font></strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><strong> </strong></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;"></span></span></p></td><td width="308" valign="top" style="border-width: medium 1pt medium medium; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(79, 129, 189) rgb(240, 240, 240) rgb(240, 240, 240); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1;"><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal;"><span style='background: yellow; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow;'></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal;"><span style='background: yellow; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow;'><img width="37" height="36" id="40" style="width: 23px; height: 17px;" alt="red x, red cross" src="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/40_457126aaf23a65c1331eea83d27fb7c4.jpg"><br></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width="616" valign="top" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); border-image: none; width: 462.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-themecolor: accent1;" colspan="2"><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='background: yellow; color: rgb(0, 0, 204); font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;'></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>Note that</span></b><b><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 204); font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'> </span></b><b><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'>some verbs can be both transitive and intransitive:</span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='background: yellow; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow;'></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><br></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong>Water boils at 100˚c. [i]</strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><strong> </strong><a class="various" href="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/40_457126aaf23a65c1331eea83d27fb7c4.jpg" rel="image_show"><img width="37" height="36" id="40" style="width: 23px; height: 17px;" alt="red x, red cross" src="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/40_457126aaf23a65c1331eea83d27fb7c4.jpg"></a><strong> </strong></span></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='background: yellow; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow;'></span></p><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style='font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";'><strong><font face="arial">I'm boiling some water. [t]</font><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> S</span>ome water <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">is being boiled</span>. </strong><img height="23" id="39" style="width: 22px; height: 18px;" alt="Image" src="http://www.e-exercises.com/img/bibliotheque/39_db7196aad25f86da510b9bb08610a187.jpg"></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><strong> </strong><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='background: yellow; color: rgb(0, 0, 204); line-height: 115%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: yellow;'></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.45pt; line-height: normal;"><br> </p></html> [[en:grammar:home|{{ :file_-_back_3_.png?150 }}]]