Short answers

     "Do you like chocolate?"  "Yes, I do."

Short answers are brief responses to a variety of closed questions.

Note that 

1.  In affirmative forms, we don't use contractions:    Yes, I'm.  

2.    The correct forms for 'have' and 'have got' are:

            Do you have any children?     Yes, I do./No, I don't.

            Have you got any children?     Yes, I have./No, I haven't.

3.    Remember to use 'to do' with main verbs:

           Do you like tea?     Yes, I like.       Yes, I do. 

We use them in conversation in different tenses. Short answers are more polite than 'Yes' or 'No' alone.

"Does she work in a bank?"

"No."  [too short and direct]

"No, she doesn't". [more polite]

Sometimes, we add more information:

"Does she work in a bank?"

"No, she's in advertising."/"No, she doesn't. She's in advertising." [these are better]

   "Are you tired?"   "No, I'm not. Are you?"   "Yes, I am! Let's take a break!"

   "Is it raining again?"    "Yes, it is. But it's nice and warm."